性视界

When most people think of recent large-scale efforts to combat climate change, the Paris Climate Change Conference usually comes to mind. At this conference, most of the world鈥檚 nations committed 鈥渢o curb GHG emissions and keep temperature increases 鈥榳ell below鈥� 2潞C.鈥� [1] However, the private sector also took a major step towards curbing GHG levels by letting their money do the talking.聽Last month, the Institutional Investors Group on Climate Change (IIGCC), who collectively manage $24 trillion in assets, sent a clear message to the automotive industry: get serious about climate change, or lose our support. [2] This presents a large incentive for the automotive industry to do their part to combat climate change, lest their stock prices suffer. This post will specifically investigate how Ford is affected by climate change, what steps it has taken to address these affects, and what can still be done.

As a large player in the automotive industry, Ford is affected by climate change in a number of ways. First, as regulation of emissions increases, Ford will inevitably need to lower the emissions that come from the automobiles they sell as well as from the manufacturing process by which the automobiles are built. Second, financial constraints that organizations like the IIGCC are imposing will also force Ford鈥檚 hand by imposing further costs to ignoring climate change. Finally, as consumers become more environmentally conscious, they will be more likely to purchase either hybrid or electric vehicles, affecting the aggregate demand in the automotive industry.

To address the issues related to climate change, Ford has rolled out a sustainability program with a three-pronged strategy:

1. Continuously reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy usage of our operations
2. Developing the flexibility and capability to market lower-GHG-emission products, in line with evolving market conditions
3. Working with industry partners, energy companies, consumer group and policy makers to establish an effective and predictable market, policy and technological framework for reducing GHG emissions [4]

This strategy directly addresses the most pressing climate change issues facing the automotive industry. For their efforts, Ford鈥檚 global manufacturing CO₂ strategy received recognition at the US Environmental Protection Agency鈥檚 Climate Leadership Awards Ceremony and Conference. [5] The company is evidently making great strides in their climate change strategy, embracing their role as a recognizable brand, and setting a precedent for other automotive companies to follow.

In examining what additional steps Ford might consider taking with regards to their GHG emissions strategy, one can use the five key demands raised by the IIGCC in 鈥�Investor Expectations of Automotive Companies: Shifting gears to accelerate the transition to low carbon vehicles鈥�, paraphrased below:

1. Create governance to ensure board and management responsibilities for climate change are clearly defined
2. Identify long-term strategy to make business resilient to climate change
3. Create robust greenhouse gas emissions reduction plan
4. Engage pro-actively with public policy makers to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy
5. Increase transparency of fleet and manufacturing emissions in annual reports [6]

There is evidence on Ford鈥檚 website that they are actually making progress on all five of these key demands. Ford should focus further on these existing efforts, and also act as a thought leader in the automotive industry, encouraging automotive companies similar to their own to adopt similar practices. It should be noted that while demands from these investors might seem to come from a place of altruism, in all likelihood the primary driver of this comes from fear that climate change regulations will cripple automotive firms that are unprepared to deal with the consequences. Whether these investors are altruistic in nature, or merely protecting their investments, their efforts are welcomed by all those concerned by climate change. (616 words)

 

[1] – Rebecca M. Henderson, Sophus A. Reinert, Polina Dekhtyar, and Amram Migdal, 鈥淐limate Change in 2016: Implications for Business,鈥� HBS No. N2-317-032 (Boston: 性视界 Business School Publishing, 2016), p. 9.

[2] 鈥� Terry Macalister, 鈥淚nvestors warn car industry over climate change,鈥� The Guardian, October聽12, 2016, [], accessed November聽2016.

[3] 鈥撀燯.S. Department of Energy, 鈥淭he History of the Electric Car,鈥� Breaking Energy, September 15, 2014, [http://breakingenergy.com/2014/09/15/the-history-of-the-electric-car/], accessed聽November聽2016.

[4] 鈥� Ford, 鈥淔ord’s Climate Change Strategy,鈥� 聽, accessed November 2016.

[5] 鈥� Ford, “Developing Our Stabilization-Based Climate Change Strategy and CO2 Reduction Targets,” https://corporate.ford.com/microsites/sustainability-report-2014-15/environment-climate-strategy-stabilization.html, accessed November 2016

[6] – Institutional Investors Group on Climate Change. 鈥淚nvestor聽Expectations聽of聽Automotive聽Companies.鈥� 2016. [http://www.iigcc.org/files/publication-files/IIGCC_2016_Auto_report_v13_Web.pdf], accessed November聽2016.