{"id":35522,"date":"2018-11-13T19:16:27","date_gmt":"2018-11-14T00:16:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/moo-ve-over-alexa-meet-the-udderly-efficient-ida-a-k-a-the-intelligent-dairy-farmers-assistant-how-one-food-conglomerate-helped-pil"},"modified":"2018-11-13T19:16:27","modified_gmt":"2018-11-14T00:16:27","slug":"moo-ve-over-alexa-meet-the-udderly-efficient-ida-a-k-a-the-intelligent-dairy-farmers-assistant-how-one-food-conglomerate-helped-pilot-machine-learning-to-make-the-dairy-industry-more-sus","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/moo-ve-over-alexa-meet-the-udderly-efficient-ida-a-k-a-the-intelligent-dairy-farmers-assistant-how-one-food-conglomerate-helped-pilot-machine-learning-to-make-the-dairy-industry-more-sus\/","title":{"rendered":"MOO-ve Over Alexa, Meet the Udderly Efficient IDA (a.k.a. the Intelligent Dairy Farmer\u2019s Assistant): How One Food Conglomerate Helped Pilot Machine Learning to Make the Dairy Industry More Sustainable"},"content":{"rendered":"

In 2017, Danone, a French-based food conglomerate, introduced a new corporate vision, \u201cOne Planet. One Health.\u201d As the leading global retailer of dairy-based products (4% global market share), Danone inspires its consumers to care about where their food comes from, how it arrived in their hands, and how it impacts their health and the health of the planet [1].<\/p>\n

To create these purpose-driven brands, Danone relies on a supply chain of 140,000 dairy farms around the world. These farms annually produce ~1.8 billion gallons of fresh milk worldwide from ~1.4 million cows. Danone directly controls 8,000 farms, accounting for ~90% of the company\u2019s milk sourcing [2]. With agriculture at the core of its business, Danone actively supports regenerative agriculture, a broad set of practices that supports soil health, farmer empowerment, and animal welfare [3].<\/p>\n

Danone\u2019s commitment to regenerative agriculture will be important in the coming years. According to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, global demand for food will increase ~70% by 2050 from current levels [4]. Farmers around the world \u2013 including those within Danone\u2019s supply chain \u2013 must supply this demand, while overcoming factors such as water scarcity, labor constraints, and climate change. Within such a context, success will depend on farmers\u2019 ability to maximize production while minimizing inputs and the costs of waste.<\/p>\n

Technology is one way to optimize the agricultural industry, which currently lags most industries on the digitization curve [5]. Of relevance for Danone\u2019s farmers, the practice of precision livestock farming aims to increase production yield by effectively using digital technologies.<\/p>\n

Indicative of this trend, Danone recently participated in an eight-month-long pilot program with Amsterdam-based startup Connecterra, an artificial intelligence company which uses sensors and machine learning to solve problems in the natural world [6]. For the trial, Connecterra provided Danone cows with an Intelligent Dairy Farmer\u2019s Assistant (IDA for short), which essentially is a FitBit for the dairy cow with predictive capabilities for the farmer. Secured around the cow\u2019s neck, IDA\u2019s biometric sensors record the animal\u2019s physical movements, including eating, drinking, ruminating (chewing her cud), sleeping, walking, and standing. Using Google\u2019s TensorFlow open-source platform, IDA\u2019s machine learning algorithms track, monitor, and identify trends from these physical actions. IDA then provides multi-lingual notifications to the farmer about the cow\u2019s feed and water intake, behavioral tracking, and potential health issues. As the farmer responds to and validates insights and more cows are connected to the system, IDA\u2019s predictive analytics become more sophisticated with accuracy currently at 80%-90%. According to a Connecterra co-founder, Danone is exploring building additional functionality on the Connecterra platform [7].<\/p>\n

Although feedback from the Danone-Connecterra pilot is limited, other farmers speak favorably of their use of Connecterra\u2019s platform to optimize their herd\u2019s feed intake, improve animal wellbeing, reduce loss, improve labor effectiveness, and increase farm profitability overall [8].<\/p>\n

Despite the buzz, Danone-affiliated farmers\u2019 widespread adoption of IDA or other IoT technologies will be hindered by factors such as cost (Connecterra charges ~$75\/cow start-up fee plus $3\/cow monthly fee), poor wireless connectivity in rural areas, and even farmer skepticism for the underlying premise of substituting machine learning for human experience and intuition [9].<\/p>\n

Despite these challenges, Danone should continue to support its farmers\u2019 application of machine learning to livestock management and explore the long-term benefits to the company\u2019s own corporate objectives. For example, Ida\u2019s monitoring and predictive capabilities could encourage farmers to alter their operations to include more pasture-based grazing \u2013 which is potentially less resource intensive than zero-grazing systems — as IDA would continue to provide real-time feedback on the animal\u2019s well-being outside the barn [10]. Additionally, by accessing IDA\u2019s data streams, Danone could more accurately assess the environmental impact of its supply chains and even pass this \u201cpasture-to-shelf\u201d auditing on to consumers. Such actions would reinforce Danone\u2019s sustainability commitments and could influence consumers to buy Danone products based on perceived environmental, aesthetic, and animal welfare advantages of sustainably-conscious production systems.<\/p>\n

The Connecterra pilot program impacted a fraction of Danone\u2019s farmer-partners. Yet, as a leading global dairy product provider, Danone can influence the spread of innovation across its supply chain. Encouraging its dairy producers to adopt big data and predictive analytics is one way that Danone can achieve its stated goals to improve farm efficiency while also elevating the quality of its supply chain.<\/p>\n

As Danone and its farmers explore precision livestock farming, is IDA \u2013 a bovine FitBit — really the answer? Are there similar technologies such as image processing coupled with predictive analytics that will prove more adaptable and scalable for Danone\u2019s widespread network of farmers? As the library of generated data becomes more extensive and valuable, who \u2013 the farmer, Danone, or a third-party like Connecterra \u2013 will own and control the data and insights? Finally, are there genetic implications of using machine-learning to prematurely weed out underperforming cows from the herd?<\/p>\n

(Word Count: 800)<\/p>\n

Endnotes:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Danone S.A., 2017 Annual Report (Paris: Danone S.A., 2018), p. 9-10.<\/li>\n
  2. Danone S.A., \u201cDanone Animal Welfare: 2016 Position Paper (Updated March 2018),\u201d https:\/\/www.danone.com\/content\/dam\/danone-corp\/about-us-impact\/policies-and-commitments\/en\/2018\/2018_03_16_AnimalWelfare2016PositionPaper.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  3. Danone S.A., \u201cRegenerative Agriculture,\u201d https:\/\/www.danone.com\/impact\/planet\/regenerative-agriculture.html<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  4. IIOT in Agriculture (December 2017), Frost & Sullivan, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  5. Kevin Laczkowski, Asutosh Padhi, Niranjana Rajagopal, and Paolo Sandrone. \u201cHow OEMs Can Seize the High-Tech Future in Agriculture and Construction.\u201d https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/automotive-and-assembly\/our-insights\/how-oems-can-seize-the-high-tech-future-in-agriculture-and-construction<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  6. Connecterra, \u201cAbout Connecterra,\u201d https:\/\/www.connecterra.io\/about\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  7. Louisa Burwood-Taylor. \u201cConnecterra Raises \u20ac4.2m Series A for AI-powered Dairy Tech,\u201d AgFunder News, May 24, 2018, https:\/\/agfundernews.com\/breaking-connecterra-raises-e4-2m-series-ai-powered-dairy-tech.html\/<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  8. Damon Cline. \u201cDigital Dairy App Helps Milk Data at Waynesboro Farm,\u201d The Augusta Chronicle, April 2, 2018, https:\/\/www.augustachronicle.com\/news\/20180402\/digital-dairy-app-helps-milk-data-at-waynesboro-farm<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  9. Drew Harwell. \u201c\u2018Cow Fitbits\u2019 and artificial intelligence are coming to the dairy farm. But some farmers aren\u2019t so impressed.,\u201d Washington Post, April 8, 2018, https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/business\/economy\/cow-fitbits-and-artificial-intelligence-are-coming-to-the-dairy-farm-but-some-farmers-arent-so-impressed\/2018\/04\/04\/a23a0010-3850-11e8-8fd2-49fe3c675a89_story.html?utm_term=.c3eeeb4403c6<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n
  10. M. A. G. von Keyserlingk; N. P. Martin; E. Kebreab; K. F. Knowlton; R.J. Grant; M. II Stephenson; C.J. Sniffen; J.P. III Harner; A.D. Wright; and S.I. Smith, “Invited review: Sustainability of the US dairy industry” (2013). USDA-ARS \/ UNL Faculty. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2012-6354<\/a>, accessed November 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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