  {"id":24085,"date":"2017-11-15T20:05:13","date_gmt":"2017-11-16T01:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/blockchain-and-burgers\/"},"modified":"2017-11-15T20:05:13","modified_gmt":"2017-11-16T01:05:13","slug":"blockchain-and-burgers","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/blockchain-and-burgers\/","title":{"rendered":"Blockchain and Burgers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Wendy\u2019s [1] has spent considerable time and money to digitalize data related to its products and systems, however this vast amount of extracted data exists in silos that currently provide little incremental value to the Company. [2] Blockchain technology is a solution that is being used to take these \u201cislands of insight\u201d and pull them into an \u201cintegrated global view\u201d that will ultimately result in a transparent and traceable supply chain. [3]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Blockchain<\/strong> <strong>to improve food safety at Wendy<\/strong><strong>\u2019<\/strong><strong>s<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The way the food supply chain works today, there are constant safety issues that are costly in terms of both dollars and lives. Food-borne illnesses account for over 400,000 deaths and costs ranging from $55 to $93 billion in the US each year. [3] When these events occur it is critical to have all the facts about the situation and ultimately to have a clear line of sight into the origin of the event within the supply chain. In December 2015, 55 Chipotle customers in 11 different states developed food poisoning from E.Coli. [5] The chain was unable to identify the source of the outbreak and the FDA required the chain to close 43 restaurants in response to the initial occurrence and the incident was not officially announced as over until February 2016. [6] The incident led to a 13% decline in sales for 2016. [7] One of Wendy\u2019s top priorities is food safety because the inability to trace and track the source of these events can, as shown by Chiptole, lead to significant issues including: more damaging outbreaks, negative publicity, production shutdowns, and ultimately declining operating results. [8]<\/p>\n<p>Blockchain technology has been tagged as the premier solution to this lack of transparency and accountability within the food supply chain. This technology which many may recognize as the basis for bitcoin currency, \u201cis an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way.\u201d [9] The technology connects the physical world with the digital world, providing a clear line of sight from the farm to the end user, in seconds, not hours or days. [10] \u201cThe goal of its implementation is to engender trust amongst the parties doing business and the consumers who utilize the Brand.\u201d [11]<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Blockchain for Supply Chain Transparency &amp; Traceability - Simardeep\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FtK65VH5OBg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Wendy\u2019s roadmap to Blockchain utilization <\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Wendy\u2019s has acknowledged that food traceability is a critical customer demand and the Company has been working to achieve this goal. In 2012, the Company joined the GS1 US Standards Initiative, \u201can industry-wide collaboration\u2026to enhance supply chain efficiencies, improve product information, and lay the groundwork for better traceability.\u201d [12] GS1 Standards are essentially a \u201cproduct\u2019s data \u2018DNA\u2019\u2014the building block for connecting an item with all the information about it.\u201d [13]<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Improving Traceability and Food Safety with GS1 Standards in Fresh Foods\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/A3TWx4RLBng?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The process to become fully GS1 compliant will likely take almost a decade, but progress to date has been significant. In the near-term Wendy\u2019s products must all be tagged with GS1-128 barcodes, which are the application standard of the GS1 implementation. [14] As of November 2017, about 20% of products in their supply chain are GS1 compliant and a roadmap has been laid out to have all remaining products compliant within the next several years. [15] Simultaneously, Wendy\u2019s is working with suppliers, distributors and restaurants to add the capability to scan GS1-128 barcodes, which is a crucial step in being able to add relevant transactional information to the product\u2019s ledger. [16] Traceability in the food supply chain is critical to meet the demand of Wendy\u2019s customers and the initiative has additional benefits for the Company.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Further applications of Blockchain to improve Wendy\u2019s supply chain<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the longer-term Wendy\u2019s should consider utilizing additional features of Blockchain technology to lessen the risk of food safety. Personnel who interact with products could be given traceable identifiers that would give Wendy\u2019s the ability to monitor their activity and ensure that appropriate procedures are being followed. [17] The Blockchain technology can also be used to improve accuracy in tracking and managing resources at the ecosystem level, eventually resulting in better demand forecasts and less food waste. [18] And its production of a consolidated view of all transactions can be utilized to improve the efficiency of supply chain financing by reducing the number of disputes and their cycle time. [19]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Additional considerations and concerns<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Given Wendy\u2019s complex supply chain of suppliers and distributors, my primary concern is the Company\u2019s ability to keep up with its competitors\u2019 implementation of traceability. What will be the financial and reputational impact of falling behind? Should Wendy\u2019s be providing incentives to its distributors, suppliers, and franchisees to speed up the process?<\/p>\n<p>(Word count: 762)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[1] Wendy\u2019s supply chain coop, QSCC is an independent, non-profit cooperative that was organized by Wendy\u2019s. For simplicity, throughout this article I will use Wendy\u2019s when referencing the Company and QSCC.<\/p>\n<p>[2] Josh Sell, Sr. Director \u2013 Commodities, Industry Affairs &amp; Supply Chain Analysis, interview by author, November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[3] Deloitte, \u201cSupplier and service provider risk management,\u201d 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/us\/en\/pages\/operations\/articles\/blockchain-supply-chain-innovation.html\">https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/us\/en\/pages\/operations\/articles\/blockchain-supply-chain-innovation.html<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[4] Brigid McDermott, \u201cBlockchain in Food Safety,\u201d IBM, 2017, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[5] FDA, \u201cFDA Investigates Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O26 Infections Linked to Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurants,\u201d 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Food\/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies\/Outbreaks\/ucm470410.htm\">https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Food\/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies\/Outbreaks\/ucm470410.htm<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[6] Ibid.<\/p>\n<p>[7] John Kell, \u201cChipotle Has to Finally Shake Off Its E. Coli Slump in 2017,\u201d 2017, <a href=\"http:\/\/fortune.com\/2017\/02\/02\/chipotle-sales-decline-2016\/\">http:\/\/fortune.com\/2017\/02\/02\/chipotle-sales-decline-2016\/<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[8] Wendy\u2019s, 2016 Annual Report, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[9] Marco Iansiti and Karim R. Lakhani, \u201cThe Truth About Blockchain,\u201d 性视界 Business Review, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2017\/01\/the-truth-about-blockchain\">https:\/\/hbr.org\/2017\/01\/the-truth-about-blockchain<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[10] Dennis Hecker, Senior Vice President \u2013 Quality Assurance, interview by author, November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[11] Ibid.<\/p>\n<p>[12] GS1, \u201cAbout GS1,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gs1.org\/about\">https:\/\/www.gs1.org\/about<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[13] GS1, \u201cGS1 Standards,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gs1us.org\/what-we-do\/standards\">https:\/\/www.gs1us.org\/what-we-do\/standards<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[14] GS1, \u201cGS1-128 Barcodes,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gs1-128.info\/\">https:\/\/www.gs1-128.info\/<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[15] Josh Sell, Sr. Director \u2013 Commodities, Industry Affairs &amp; Supply Chain Analysis, interview by author, November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[16] Ibid.<\/p>\n<p>[17] Michael J. Casey and Pindar Wong, \u201cGlobal Supply Chains Are About to Get Better, Thanks to Blockchain,\u201d 性视界 Business Review, 2017, https:\/\/hbr.org\/2017\/03\/global-supply-chains-are-about-to-get-better-thanks-to-blockchain, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[18] Paul Brody, \u201cThe Power Of A Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain,\u201d 2017, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalistmag.com\/finance\/2017\/08\/30\/power-of-blockchain-enabled-supply-chain-05306212\">http:\/\/www.digitalistmag.com\/finance\/2017\/08\/30\/power-of-blockchain-enabled-supply-chain-05306212<\/a>, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n<p>[19] Brigid McDermott, \u201cBlockchain in Food Safety,\u201d IBM, 2017, accessed November 2017.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Digitalization has led to the availability of extraordinary amounts of data but how should companies, like Wendy\u2019s, be utilizing this data to strengthen its customer promise?\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9573,"featured_media":24086,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[2608,2123,267,3977,1633],"class_list":["post-24085","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain","category-digitalization","category-fast-food","category-food-safety","category-united-states","hck-taxonomy-organization-wendys","hck-taxonomy-industry-food-and-beverage","hck-taxonomy-country-united-states"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/rc-tom-challenge-2017\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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