{"id":1863,"date":"2015-12-06T16:11:02","date_gmt":"2015-12-06T21:11:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/solarcity-harnessing-the-power-of-the-sun-to-drive-customer-value\/"},"modified":"2015-12-06T16:15:07","modified_gmt":"2015-12-06T21:15:07","slug":"solarcity-harnessing-the-power-of-the-sun-to-drive-customer-value","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/solarcity-harnessing-the-power-of-the-sun-to-drive-customer-value\/","title":{"rendered":"SolarCity: Harnessing the Power of the Sun to Drive Customer Value"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity.jpg\" alt=\"SolarCity\" width=\"1067\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity.jpg 1009w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity-600x167.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1067px) 100vw, 1067px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/6\/6f\/Solar-city_logo.PNG\" alt=\"\" width=\"538\" height=\"185\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>SolarCity is the largest U.S. installer of solar energy systems with over 300,000 residential and commercial customers and operations across 19 states. SolarCity\u2019s value proposition is to provide its customers clean energy with no upfront cost at a lower $\/kWh price than they are currently paying their utility. The majority of SolarCity\u2019s customers enter into 20-year contracts with SolarCity to purchase the electricity generated by their solar energy system on an ongoing basis just like they are currently paying their utility bill. SolarCity is unique among solar installers as being a fully integrated solar company which is responsible for everything from production of the solar modules to sourcing financing to installation and ongoing monitoring. Through this integration, SolarCity is able to insure the quality of the end customer experience and realize cost reduction opportunities along the entire solar value chain. The alignment of the business model of providing electricity to customer at below utility rates with the vertically integrated operating model has allowed SolarCity to be the market leader in the distributed generation\u00a0solar industry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>SolarCity\u00a0Cumulative Customer Growth<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1847 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity3.png\" alt=\"SolarCity3\" width=\"748\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity3.png 904w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity3-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity3-600x314.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Business Model<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>SolarCity\u2019s business model is based around the value proposition of providing customers clean electricity at a cost lower than they are currently paying their utility and at no upfront cost. SolarCity is able to do this by having its customer enter into 20-year contracts to purchase the electricity generated by its solar energy systems, which creates a 20 year stream of cash flows. SolarCity sells a portion of the future customer cash flows as well as the tax benefits associated with the solar energy systems to investors which provide an upfront payment which is used to fund the cost of the system itself; SolarCity retains the rest of the cash flows largely as profits given lack of feedstock costs in solar. SolarCity was the first major company to popularize the \u201csolar lease\u201d business model which eliminated the $10K &#8211; $20K upfront cost of systems which was a major barrier limiting the adoption of solar energy. This business model made it easy and simple for customers to have solar panels as SolarCity handled everything for the customer from installation to monitoring to monetization of the various tax incentives. The introduction of the \u201csolar lease\u201d business model by SolarCity and its competitors has driven an exponential growth in distribution generation solar, especially in the residential markets, resulting not only cost savings by customers but also substantial environmental benefits in the form of foregone carbon emissions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>SolarCity Customer Value Proposition<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1845 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity2.png\" alt=\"SolarCity2\" width=\"848\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity2.png 848w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity2-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity2-600x306.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 848px) 100vw, 848px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Operating Model<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>SolarCity\u2019s operating model is based on developing efficiency through scale and vertical integration in order to offer the customer a price of electricity that is lower than the retail utility price. To effectively grow the existing business as well as expand into additional states, SolarCity must offer a $\/kWh which is lower than the utility to make the customer value proposition attractive. In order to offer the lowest price to the end customer and insure quality of service, SolarCity has chosen to have a vertically integrated operating model which allows it to find cost efficiencies all along the value chain.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>SolarCity&#8217;s Vertically Integrated Model<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity5.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1855\" src=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity5.png\" alt=\"SolarCity5\" width=\"861\" height=\"152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity5.png 861w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity5-300x53.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity5-600x106.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 861px) 100vw, 861px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>To insure adequate\u00a0supply of panels as well as capture value from the continued decline of polysilicon prices, SolarCity acquired Silevo, a solar panel technology company, in 2014 and has begun to construct a 1GW manufacturing facility. SolarCity made this move to insure the growth of its business\u00a0was not constrained by the operating limitations of foreign suppliers. Additionally, over the past few years, SolarCity has improved its time of installation from up to two days to install a system to now being able to complete two installations\u00a0in a single day. This have been enabled by both process efficiencies such as building internal systems to insure trucks are fully packed with the all the necessary components as well as technological improvements like the rail-free mounting systems which SolarCity acquired. By improving the efficiency of its teams, SolarCity is able to get more operating leverage out of its operations centers and installation staff and lower costs. Finally, as SolarCity has continued to scale, it has lowered its cost of financing allowing it to sell less of its customer cash flows to fund the upfront cost of the system and retain more profits.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>SolarCity Average Total Cost Per Watt Over Time<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1850 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i4tsk12in2b2y7uts14c528g-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity4.png\" alt=\"SolarCity4\" width=\"886\" height=\"472\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity4.png 886w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity4-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2015\/12\/SolarCity4-600x320.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The operating model of SolarCity was chosen to be able to find cost efficiencies and economies of scale in all aspects of the value chain, from the equipment itself to the cost of financing to the cost of installation. This allows SolarCity to offer rates to customers which are both below that of the utility and other competitors that don\u2019t have vertical integration. As of result of this advantage, SolarCity is able to continue to drive its business model growing contracts and led to the Company\u2019s strong operational performance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>SolarCity IPO Day &#8211; Management Team, Board of Directors and (Most Importantly)\u00a0Investment Bankers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/img.washingtonpost.com\/rf\/image_1484w\/2010-2019\/WashingtonPost\/2012\/12\/14\/National-Politics\/Images\/SolarCity_Event_07084.jpg?uuid=89POiEWFEeKOcOGZNSgiLQ\" alt=\"\" width=\"1052\" height=\"701\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sources:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Conversations\u00a0with research analysts and company management over period from 2011 &#8211; 2013<\/li>\n<li>SolarCity November 2015 Investor Presentation;\u00a0http:\/\/files.shareholder.com\/downloads\/AMDA-14LQRE\/1126115827x0x830612\/1A32ABBC-4024-44B9-8F81-1B5BD77DD00B\/2015.11_SCTY_Investor_Presentation.pdf<\/li>\n<li>SolarCity Form S-1;\u00a0http:\/\/www.sec.gov\/Archives\/edgar\/data\/1408356\/000119312513399788\/d554071ds1a.htm<\/li>\n<li>SolarCity 2014 10-K;http:\/\/www.sec.gov\/Archives\/edgar\/data\/1408356\/000156459015000897\/scty-10k_20141231.htm<\/li>\n<li>Wesoff, Eric. \u201cSolarCity Acquires Zep Solar for $158 Million\u201d GreentechMedia. 09 Oct\u00a02013.\u00a0http:\/\/www.greentechmedia.com\/articles\/read\/SolarCity-Acquires-Zep-Solar-For-158-Million<\/li>\n<li>Musk, Elon,\u00a0Rive, Peter and Lyndon Rive. &#8220;Solar at Scale&#8221;. 16 Jun 2014.\u00a0http:\/\/blog.solarcity.com\/silevo<\/li>\n<li>Gross, Daniel. &#8220;The Miracle of SolarCity&#8221; Slate. Jun 2015.\u00a0http:\/\/www.slate.com\/articles\/business\/the_juice\/2015\/07\/solarcity_the_company_didn_t_invent_the_solar_panel_but_it_invented_something.html<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SolarCity&#039;s business and operating models come together to drive down the cost of clean energy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":580,"featured_media":1868,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[26,381,382,179],"class_list":["post-1863","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clean-energy","category-cleantech","category-distributed-generation","category-solar-energy"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/the-tom-challenge-tom-winners-and-losers-assignment\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SolarCity: Harnessing the Power of the Sun to Drive Customer Value - 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