{"id":18607,"date":"2016-11-18T15:17:26","date_gmt":"2016-11-18T20:17:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/digital-innovation-in-the-banking-industry-are-branches-a-thing-of-the-past\/"},"modified":"2016-11-18T15:17:26","modified_gmt":"2016-11-18T20:17:26","slug":"digital-innovation-in-the-banking-industry-are-branches-a-thing-of-the-past","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/digital-innovation-in-the-banking-industry-are-branches-a-thing-of-the-past\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital innovation in the banking industry \u2013 Are branches a thing of the past?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Despite the current perception that big financial institutions are outdated and financial technology (\u201cfintech\u201d) is finally bringing some light to this industry, the reality is that banks have gradually introduced digital technology in their business, though more on non-knowledge-intensive services that can be standardized [1]. Key examples of this are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Credit risk models<\/strong>: responsible for the vast majority of credit decisions, namely accept\/ refuse credit concession and in which conditions. For each client, the model in place assigns a score or rating as a measure of creditworthiness. It is usually based on the customer historical financial data, its operational performance (in the case of companies) and his or her behavior over the last 12-24 months on average. Apart from providing fast and cheap automated decisions, these models allow for dynamic pricing and targeted marketing \u2013 it is not uncommon for one to receive a notification on the mailbox stating: &#8220;Congratulations, a loan of 10,000 dollars has been pre-approved just for you&#8221; [2];<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trading algorithms<\/strong>: mostly used by hedge and mutual funds, these algorithms operate on specific pre-determined rules that are usually the result of extensive data mining. Similar to credit models, they are capable of placing a huge amount of automate trades that would require hours of manual work otherwise;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Planning and control platforms<\/strong>, that rely on the communication between different geographies (for universal banks) and applications to develop and implement PPNR regressions, which in turn provide detailed forecasting for all lines of financial intuitions profit and loss accounts [3];<\/li>\n<li><strong>Internal Ratings-Based models (IRB)<\/strong>, which became crucial in the last decade to reduce the information asymmetry between banks and regulators, as they better calculate capital requirements. These models are estimated to lower capital requirements by 100-200 basis points of capital, which represents an astronomical save [4].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18484\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_2.jpg\" alt=\"di_2\" width=\"283\" height=\"224\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-18485\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"di_3\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3-1024x766.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3-600x449.jpg 600w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/DI_3.jpg 1299w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>On the <strong>customer side<\/strong> however, little to none innovation has been introduced besides internet and mobile banking. And even if their capabilities have increased over time, allowing us to transfer money, check balances, review bank statements, etc., studies indicate that their use is limited and physical branches are here to stay [5].<\/p>\n<p>One Portuguese bank, ActivoBank, is trying to take a step further and reinvent the concept of branch by \u201cdigitalizing\u201d it. Created as a separate entity of the biggest private bank in Portugal, Milleniumbcp, ActivoBank seeks to attract a different audience that wants fast service at a minimum price mostly by offering a different experience at the branch. But how?<\/p>\n<p>The idea is that customers can use the branch as a touch point to interact with the bank, but perform most tasks on their own (\u201cdo it yourself\u201d) while there with digital support: want to open an account? Use the iPad. Sign papers? Use the electronic pen. Need a credit card? It is printed on the spot. There is no time pressure and the experience is more pleasant.<\/p>\n<p>What is in it for the customer? Well, to start with, no more waiting while the branch manager introduces all your personal data into the system. Because less employees are required, this business model allows for lower fees, reduced lines, and a simple and straightforward process.<\/p>\n<p>The success was immediate, with customer satisfaction at levels that surpassed all competitors and with ActivoBank winning 5 years in a row the award for best retail bank in the country. [6]<\/p>\n<p>More recently, the bank launched its first virtual branch, directly connecting clients with branch managers through Facebook, in a secure and easy way, that allows for all types of transactions and services. In the words of the World Finance magazine, \u201cActivoBank caters to digitally-savvy clients\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Though I praise ActivoBank\u2019s initiatives, digital technology allows for opportunities that haven\u2019t yet been developed. From an operationally perspective, their presence on social media should be leveraged to expand their credit models, by including new variables and \/ or obtain information faster. From the customers\u2019 perspective, the bank could transform the payments industry (as Venmo is doing in the US) and become a marketplace for alternative investments such as real estate and peer-to-peer lending:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Banks holds a significant volume of repossessed real estate assets that are usually divested to expert funds at low prices. Opportunities for cross-selling and engagement of customers are therefore lost;<\/li>\n<li>By connecting customers with companies that do not seek bank financing, the bank can work as a middle man, charging fees and not having any credit risk. (763 words)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[1] Deutsche Bank, &#8220;Digitalisation and the Future of Commercial Banking&#8221;, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cib.db.com\/docs_new\/Digitalisation_and_the_Future_of_Commercial_Banking.pdf\">http:\/\/www.cib.db.com\/docs_new\/Digitalisation_and_the_Future_of_Commercial_Banking.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>[2] Reply, &#8220;Applying big data to risk management&#8221;, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.frm.reply.eu\/upload\/File\/cms\/content\/16779_img_Applying-Big-Data-to-Risk-Management.pdf-id=16779\">http:\/\/www.frm.reply.eu\/upload\/File\/cms\/content\/16779_img_Applying-Big-Data-to-Risk-Management.pdf-id=16779<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>[3] Oliver Wyman, &#8220;Stress Testing 102, Rise of the PPNR machines&#8221;, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oliverwyman.com\/content\/dam\/oliver-wyman\/global\/en\/2015\/sep\/Oliver_Wyman_Stress_Testing_102.pdf\">http:\/\/www.oliverwyman.com\/content\/dam\/oliver-wyman\/global\/en\/2015\/sep\/Oliver_Wyman_Stress_Testing_102.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>[4] Oliver Wyman, &#8220;Comparative analysis of the Regulatory Capital calculation across major European jurisdictions&#8221;, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.santander.com\/csgs\/StaticBS?blobcol=urldata&amp;blobheadername1=content-type&amp;blobheadername2=Content-Disposition&amp;blobheadername3=appID&amp;blobheadervalue1=application%2Fpdf&amp;blobheadervalue2=inline%3Bfilename%3D906%5C65%5CComparative+Analysis+Regulatory+Capital+Oliver+Wyman.pdf&amp;blobheadervalue3=santander.wc.CFWCSancomQP01&amp;blobkey=id&amp;blobtable=MungoBlobs&amp;blobwhere=1278697097284&amp;ssbinary=true\">http:\/\/www.santander.com\/csgs\/StaticBS?blobcol=urldata&amp;blobheadername1=content-type&amp;blobheadername2=Content-Disposition&amp;blobheadername3=appID&amp;blobheadervalue1=application%2Fpdf&amp;blobheadervalue2=inline%3Bfilename%3D906%5C65%5CComparative+Analysis+Regulatory+Capital+Oliver+Wyman.pdf&amp;blobheadervalue3=santander.wc.CFWCSancomQP01&amp;blobkey=id&amp;blobtable=MungoBlobs&amp;blobwhere=1278697097284&amp;ssbinary=true<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>[5] Capgemini, &#8220;The Future of Bank Branches&#8221;, <a href=\"http:\/\/ebooks.capgemini-consulting.com\/The-Future-of-Bank-Branches\/files\/assets\/basic-html\/page1.html\">http:\/\/ebooks.capgemini-consulting.com\/The-Future-of-Bank-Branches\/files\/assets\/basic-html\/page1.html<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>[6] Economia ao Minuto, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.noticiasaominuto.com\/economia\/640384\/activobank-considerado-melhor-banco-comercial-pela-world-finance\">https:\/\/www.noticiasaominuto.com\/economia\/640384\/activobank-considerado-melhor-banco-comercial-pela-world-finance<\/a>, accessed November 2016<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Portuguese bank is attempting to reinvent the concept of branch and the customers are loving it!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2298,"featured_media":18608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"class_list":["post-18607","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/digitization-challenge-2016\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Digital innovation in the banking industry \u2013 Are branches a thing of the past? 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