  {"id":16015,"date":"2016-11-17T17:22:28","date_gmt":"2016-11-17T22:22:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/started-from-the-plow-now-were-deere-the-story-of-john-deeres-transformation-from-an-equipment-manufacturer-to-a-leading-tech-firm\/"},"modified":"2016-11-17T21:46:40","modified_gmt":"2016-11-18T02:46:40","slug":"started-from-the-plow-now-were-deere-john-deeres-transformation-from-an-equipment-manufacturer-to-a-tech-firm","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/started-from-the-plow-now-were-deere-john-deeres-transformation-from-an-equipment-manufacturer-to-a-tech-firm\/","title":{"rendered":"Started from the Plow now we\u2019re Deere: John Deere\u2019s Transformation from an Equipment Manufacturer to a Tech Firm"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In 1837, farmers were in a bind.\u00a0 The prairie soil of the Midwest was sticking to farmers\u2019 cast-iron plows and hindering productivity. \u00a0Enter John Deere, a typical blacksmith producing horseshoes and hayforks, who had an innovative idea.\u00a0 By creating polished-steel plows from sawmill blades, Deere overcame the sticky soil situation, boosted productivity, and launched John Deere.<\/p>\n<p>Fast-forward 179 years and John Deere is still leveraging innovation to revolutionize farming and address a societal problem: food scarcity.\u00a0 Given that the global population will reach 9.6 billion people by 2050, food production must increase by 70% over the next few decades. (i)\u00a0 Farmers are pushing equipment providers, like Deere, to reimagine themselves as technology companies and focus on their technological capabilities to differentiate in the world of \u201csmart farming.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Farm Forward With John Deere Farm Sight\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_LwqYxnWXJI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>(ii)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Deere\u2019s Customers Fawn Over New Customer Value Prop: Process Optimization through Data-Centric Technologies<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While the farming industry used to rely on steel machines and farmers\u2019 gut feelings, digital technology transformed the lay of the land, literally and figuratively.\u00a0 A modern-day farm may consist of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fleets of machines driving themselves and each other in tight formations through IoT sensors and wireless communication<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Seeds being planted at the optimal depth, distance &amp; pressure after soil type information is collected from IoT sensors and analyzed on mobile applications<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Deere technicians arriving with necessary parts after remotely reading diagnostic codes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Farmers accessing real-time data on tractor location &amp; system performance as well as crowd-sourced data from the cloud<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To compete, Deere can no longer differentiate on having the biggest, fastest equipment and instead needs the smartest, most productive equipment.\u00a0 Deere\u2019s new value proposition focuses on process optimization &#8211; reduced costs, increased yield and increased sustainability &#8211; through data-centric technologies and improved information flow.\u00a0 Over the past several years, Deere invested in four product areas to enhance its value proposition:<strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16035 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2.jpg\" alt=\"table-2\" width=\"700\" height=\"586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2.jpg 833w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2-300x251.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2-768x644.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Table-2-600x503.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><strong>Deere, will you be a doll &amp; grab me a new operating model?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To execute on its tech-enabled business model, Deere adjusted its operating model and expanded its core capabilities.\u00a0 In 2009, Deere created the Global Operating Model for Sustainable Growth, merging the \u201corganization and internal reporting of the agricultural equipment segment with the commercial and consumer equipment segment.\u201d \u00a0(iii) This new division was divided into four regions and five product portfolios to promote agility, innovation, and responsiveness to customer needs and market conditions. (iv) This structural change positioned Deere to leverage economies of scale and innovate across products, holistically.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/map-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16007\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/map-2.jpg\" alt=\"map\" width=\"736\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/map-2.jpg 736w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/map-2-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/map-2-600x432.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/a>(v)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Platforms.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16008\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Platforms.png\" alt=\"platforms\" width=\"740\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Platforms.png 740w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Platforms-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Platforms-600x427.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" \/><\/a>(v)<\/p>\n<p>Deere also adjusted its people and processes. As Deere\u2019s CIO notes, \u201cwhen you think of John Deere you think of a bunch of mechanical engineers who are designing big steel parts, but we have 2,600 employees who\u2026are writing software.\u201d (vi) \u00a0Deere formed an internal division dubbed the Intelligent Solutions Group, which required Deere to recruit and manage new skillsets.\u00a0 Through the years, Deere had perfected a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rglT0M4HzTI\">continuous improvement process<\/a>, but it now had to simultaneously support an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hoqPFmJpFNw\">agile development process<\/a> for its new software engineers. (vii &amp; viii)<\/p>\n<p>Investing in cloud-computing capabilities, big-data analytics and open APIs also transformed Deere\u2019s operations.\u00a0 Deere developed a partnership with AWS, enabling machine data and agronomic data to be routed seamlessly to the cloud through telematics.\u00a0 Deere took its technological capabilities one-step further by creating its Open Data Platform where 3<sup>rd<\/sup> party developers can create applications to conduct data analysis or connect other pieces of equipment to Deere\u2019s data.<\/p>\n<p>These adjustments to Deere\u2019s org structure, employee talent pool and development processes are a few examples of the strides Deere is taking to transform its operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Can Deere Continue to Buck the Odds and Evolve into a Tech Company?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While Deere has successfully adapted to digital disruption thus far, it must continue to evolve its operating model and fend off looming threats to the business.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Increase Adoption Rate. <\/strong>88% of the 2.1 million farms in the US are small family-farms. (ix) Through enhanced marketing tactics, user training and user support, Deere must focus on adoption of its technologically-advanced products.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Push for Government Subsidies.<\/strong>\u00a0 Given the seriousness of food scarcity, Deere should work with other stakeholders to push for government subsidies for the development and adoption of new technologies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Update Brand and\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Improve Recruiting.<\/strong> \u00a0As Deere rises to the ranks of a leading tech-firm, it will need to invest in its talent.\u00a0 The competition for software engineers is fierce, and Deere should rebrand &amp; restructure to recruit talent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Address Data Concerns.\u00a0 <\/strong>Issues around data ownership will increase as adoption increases, so Deere must implement strict operating procedures and policies to address this matter. \u00a0\u201cFrom a policy perspective, issues related to big data involve nearly every stage of its existence, including its collection (how it is captured), management (how it is stored and managed), and use (how it is analyzed and used).\u201d (x)<\/p>\n<p>One thing is certain, Deere ain\u2019t no deer in headlights when it comes to digital disruption. \u00a0From the polished-steel plow to the world of IoT, Deere\u2019s journey has been long, and the company must remain innovative and agile to survive in the world of smart farming.<\/p>\n<p>(Word Count: 799, excluding titles and exhibits)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Footnotes<\/p>\n<p>(i)\u00a0&#8220;Towards Smart Farming: Agriculture Embracing the IoT Vision,\u201d Beecham Research (May 2015), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beechamresearch.com\/files\/BRL%20Smart%20Farming%20Executive%20Summary.pdf\">https:\/\/www.beechamresearch.com\/files\/BRL%20Smart%20Farming%20Executive%20Summary.pdf<\/a> , accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(ii)\u00a0John Deere, \u201cFarm Forward With John Deere Farm Sight,\u201d YouTube, published September 7, 2012, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_LwqYxnWXJI\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_LwqYxnWXJI<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(iii)\u00a0John Deere, 2009 Annual Report, p. 47, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deere.com\/en_ASIA\/docs\/brochure\/our_company\/investor_relations\/annual_reports_and_ceo_message\/2009\/pdf\/2009annualreport.pdf\">https:\/\/www.deere.com\/en_ASIA\/docs\/brochure\/our_company\/investor_relations\/annual_reports_and_ceo_message\/2009\/pdf\/2009annualreport.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(iv)\u00a0\u201cJohn Deere Announces New Global Operating Model for Sustainable Growth,\u201d April 14, 2009, PR Newswire, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/john-deere-announces-new-global-operating-model-for-sustainable-growth-61806762.html\">http:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/john-deere-announces-new-global-operating-model-for-sustainable-growth-61806762.html<\/a>, accessed November 14, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(v)\u00a0Charles Donahue, \u201cSmart Agromatics: A Perspective From John Deere,\u201d PowerPoint presentation, June 18, 2014, Smart AgriMatics International Conference, Paris, France.<\/p>\n<p>(vi)\u00a0Christopher Mims, \u201cTo Feed Billions, Farms Are About Data as Much as Dirt,\u201d Wall Street Journal, August 9, 2015, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/to-feed-billions-farms-are-about-data-as-much-as-dirt-1439160264?mg=id-wsj\">http:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/to-feed-billions-farms-are-about-data-as-much-as-dirt-1439160264?mg=id-wsj<\/a>, accessed November 14, 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(vii)\u00a0John Deere, \u201cBuilding the Best Combines,\u201d YouTube, published August 26, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rglT0M4HzTI\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rglT0M4HzTI<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(viii)\u00a0John Deere, \u201cJohn Deere, ISG and the technology to help feed the world,\u201d YouTube, published December 21, 2012, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hoqPFmJpFNw\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hoqPFmJpFNw<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(ix)\u00a0\u201cFamily Farms are the Focus of New Agriculture Census Data,\u201d press release, March 17, 2015, on USDA website, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usda.gov\/wps\/portal\/usda\/usdamediafb?contentid=2015\/03\/0066.xml&amp;printable=true\">http:\/\/www.usda.gov\/wps\/portal\/usda\/usdamediafb?contentid=2015\/03\/0066.xml&amp;printable=true<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>(x)\u00a0Megan Stubbs, \u201cBig Data in U.S. Agriculture,\u201d Congressional Research Service Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress (January 2016), Congressional Research Service, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fas.org\/sgp\/crs\/misc\/R44331.pdf\">https:\/\/www.fas.org\/sgp\/crs\/misc\/R44331.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Farming is no longer about big, steel machines and farmers&#039; intuition.  Technology is transforming agriculture as we know it, and manufacturers of heavy equipment, like Deere, are forced the rethink their business model to transition into&#8230;wait for it&#8230; a tech company. (Cue gasp.) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1956,"featured_media":16020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[28,1911,2284,2270,2019,1503,1984,194,1921,663,55],"class_list":["post-16015","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-agriculture-technology","category-deere","category-digital-disruption","category-internet-of-things","category-iot","category-john-deere","category-operational-innovation","category-precision-agriculture","category-product-innovation","category-technology"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/digitization-challenge-2016\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Started from the Plow now we\u2019re Deere: John Deere\u2019s Transformation from an Equipment Manufacturer to a Tech Firm - Technology and Operations Management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/started-from-the-plow-now-were-deere-john-deeres-transformation-from-an-equipment-manufacturer-to-a-tech-firm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Started from the Plow now we\u2019re Deere: John Deere\u2019s Transformation from an Equipment Manufacturer to a Tech Firm - Technology and Operations Management\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Farming is no longer about big, steel machines and farmers&#039; intuition. 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