  {"id":14098,"date":"2016-11-04T18:00:29","date_gmt":"2016-11-04T22:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/in-a-torn-up-town-no-post-code-envy\/"},"modified":"2016-11-04T18:14:46","modified_gmt":"2016-11-04T22:14:46","slug":"in-a-torn-up-town-no-post-code-envy-the-new-york-city-housing-authority","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/in-a-torn-up-town-no-post-code-envy-the-new-york-city-housing-authority\/","title":{"rendered":"In a torn up town, no post-code envy: The New York City Housing Authority"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As it wreaked havoc across the Atlantic Coast of the United States in October 2012, Superstorm Sandy took with it lives, homes and businesses causing an estimated damage of over $25bn<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>. The hurricane left behind a clear message: the debilitating effects of global warming are here to stay<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a>. Perhaps more importantly, the destruction demonstrated that even in a developed country like the United States, low income communities are disproportionately vulnerable to the consequences of climate change.<\/p>\n<p>In New York alone, 270,000 low-income households and 97,000 senior households were directly in the storm surge of Hurricane Sandy<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[iii]<\/a>. The storm impacted 10% of all public housing units in New York City, leaving approximately 400 buildings without electricity, heat and hot water. The <u>single entity<\/u> that was had to bear <strong>$3bn<a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[iv]<\/a> <\/strong>in damages as a result? <strong>The New York City Housing Authority<\/strong>, or NYCHA, which administers public housing in the five boroughs of New York City. \u00a0<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-14099\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1-300x173.png\" alt=\"screen-shot-2016-11-04-at-4-47-11-pm\" width=\"300\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1-768x443.png 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1-600x346.png 600w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-4.47.11-PM-1.png 781w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>NYCHA\u2019s Need for Sustainability: Now or Never<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The New York City Housing Authority is the largest public housing authority in the United States with more 400,000 low-to-moderate income residents in mostly in poor-quality, aging buildings. Climate change is an important consideration for NYCHA because the White House\u2019s National Climate Assessment recently found that extreme weather events such as hurricanes as well as the compounded stresses of ongoing heat, poor air quality, flooding and mental health disparately impact low-income communities that NYCHA serves. <a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[v]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In addition to the burden on its residents, climate change is likely to exacerbate NYCHA\u2019s costs through a number of channels, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>More power outages and physical damages to buildings due to extreme weather<\/li>\n<li>Increased building cooling requirements due to rising temperatures, and reduced efficiency of current cooling methods such as ventilation<\/li>\n<li>Higher humidity levels resulting in increased mold and decreased thermal performance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These risks present a monumental challenge to NYCHA\u2019s operating model, which is particularly concerning given the housing authority\u2019s bleak financial position. A combination of federal funding shortfalls and costly operations over the years have resulted in a current need for $17bn in capital improvements in NYCHA\u2019s buildings.<a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[vi]<\/a> The incremental costs stemming from the effects of climate change means that NYCHA faces <em>an immediate, real risk of receivership<\/em> if it does not transform its operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A Long History of Sustainability <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Because NYCHA depends on limited federal government funding for its operations, one of the ways in which it has achieved cost savings to-date has been by being a first mover in sustainability. The timeline illustrates NYCHA\u2019s sustainability related milestones, dating back to the 1973 oil embargo. <a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[vii]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-14123\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM-300x96.png\" alt=\"screen-shot-2016-11-04-at-10-45-46-am\" width=\"300\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM-768x245.png 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM-600x191.png 600w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-10.45.46-AM.png 784w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-3.31.02-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14041\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-3.31.02-PM-300x108.png\" alt=\"screen-shot-2016-11-04-at-3-31-02-pm\" width=\"300\" height=\"108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-3.31.02-PM-300x108.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-3.31.02-PM-600x216.png 600w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/Screen-Shot-2016-11-04-at-3.31.02-PM.png 743w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Despite these measures, NYCHA has a very long way to go still. With technology advancements in energy efficiency, renewable energy, sustainable building design and recycled materials that offer NYCHA<strong> <u>a unique opportunity to use<\/u><\/strong><u> <strong>sustainability as the tool to transform its operational practices and end its downward spiral and become financially solvent<\/strong>. \u00a0\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n<p><strong>NexGen NYCHA Agenda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Realizing that the status quo was no longer viable, in early 2016, NYCHA announced its first ever ten-year plan to achieve financial stability. The cornerstone of this roadmap is a <strong>Sustainability Agenda<\/strong> to preserve public housing for the future. The agenda\u2019s initiatives broadly fall into three categories:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>renewable energy and energy efficiency<\/strong> to install revenue-generating rooftop solar projects and upgrade heating and lighting systems through retrofit projects,<\/li>\n<li><strong>construction and operations improvements <\/strong>by implementing stringent design and construction standards for new buildings, installing water meters and waste management through recycling and<\/li>\n<li><strong>promoting healthy lifestyles <\/strong>through mold prevention and reduction of second hand smoke.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Notably, tangible goals set by NYCHA include a <u>30% reduction in greenhouse gases<\/u> by and the development of <u>25 MW of renewable energy capacity by 2025<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[viii]<\/a><\/u>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What next?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While the Sustainability Agenda lays out a detailed long-term plan and lofty goals for climate justice and resilience, given resource constraints, it is critical that NYCHA target its effort on immediately actionable projects. A successful implementation is contingent on strong partnerships with community organizations and the private sector for financing and project management. An ideal project that accomplishes the above is a <strong>community solar microgrid <\/strong>that will enable NYCHA to meet its target renewable energy capacity, create significant cost efficiencies and economically empower its residents. A microgrid offers NYCHA developments resilience during hurricanes while reducing dependence on distributed energy and fossil fuels. In addition, a community-led project would enable NYCHA individuals and community-based organizations to be co-owners of the solar project and create green jobs for residents. Lastly, a resident-driven initiative is that it will foster awareness for environmentally friendly practices and conservation in NYCHA\u2019s communities.<\/p>\n<p>(782 words)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> \u201cSandy and its Impacts\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nyc.gov\/html\/sirr\/downloads\/pdf\/final_report\/Ch_1_SandyImpacts_FINAL_singles.pdf\">http:\/\/www.nyc.gov\/html\/sirr\/downloads\/pdf\/final_report\/Ch_1_SandyImpacts_FINAL_singles.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Report <a href=\"http:\/\/www.noaanews.noaa.gov\/stories2013\/20130905-extremeweatherandclimateevents.html\">http:\/\/www.noaanews.noaa.gov\/stories2013\/20130905-extremeweatherandclimateevents.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> Enterprise Community Partners Report <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enterprisecommunity.com\/resources\/ResourceDetails?ID=0083708\">https:\/\/www.enterprisecommunity.com\/resources\/ResourceDetails?ID=0083708<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[iv]<\/a> Hurricane Sandy, Four Years Later: http:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/site\/nycha\/about\/recovery-resiliency.page<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[v]<\/a> \u201cThird US National Climate Assessment Report\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/nca2014.globalchange.gov\/\">http:\/\/nca2014.globalchange.gov\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[vi]<\/a> Next Generation NYCHA Sustainability Agenda published by the City of New York Mayor\u2019s Office and the New York City Housing Authority <a href=\"https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/assets\/nycha\/downloads\/pdf\/sustainability_links_to_plans.pdf\">https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/assets\/nycha\/downloads\/pdf\/sustainability_links_to_plans.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[vii]<\/a> Next Generation NYCHA Sustainability Agenda published by the City of New York Mayor\u2019s Office and the New York City Housing Authority <a href=\"https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/assets\/nycha\/downloads\/pdf\/sustainability_links_to_plans.pdf\">https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/assets\/nycha\/downloads\/pdf\/sustainability_links_to_plans.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[viii]<\/a> Press Release titled \u201cNYCHA Announces First-ever Comprehensive Sustainability Agenda for Healthy &amp; Energy-Efficient Public Housing\u201d released April 21, 2016 <a href=\"https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/site\/nycha\/about\/press\/pr-2016\/NYCHA-Announces-First-Sustainability-Agenda-20160421.page\">https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/site\/nycha\/about\/press\/pr-2016\/NYCHA-Announces-First-Sustainability-Agenda-20160421.page<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Operating sustainably for the sake of climate justice<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2201,"featured_media":14133,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"class_list":["post-14098","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/climate-change-challenge-2016\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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