{"id":14078,"date":"2016-11-04T17:59:56","date_gmt":"2016-11-04T21:59:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/newmont-mining-exploring-gold-mining-and-climate-change\/"},"modified":"2016-11-06T21:38:50","modified_gmt":"2016-11-07T02:38:50","slug":"newmont-mining-exploring-gold-mining-and-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/newmont-mining-exploring-gold-mining-and-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Newmont Mining \u2013 Exploring Gold Mining and Climate Change"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gold Mining & Climate Change<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

In my five years in the precious metals industry, conversations around the environmental impact of gold mining on climate change have been limited. I find that very alarming, as it is estimated that 2% of Green House Gases Emissions result from the water and fossil fuel intensive nature of mining activity.[1]<\/a> Does the precious metals industry take CSR seriously? Why is it that OECD guidelines on \u2018good sourcing\u2019 from non-conflict zones are more important than environmental issues[2]<\/a>? Nevertheless, despite the scarcity of environmentally focused initiatives, steps taken by the Responsible Jewellery Council[3]<\/a> and the International Council on Mining and Metals [4]<\/a> have pushed mining companies to work towards mitigating and adapting to climate change.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Newmont Mining and its Sustainability Role<\/strong>
\nNewmont mining \u2013 the second largest player in the gold mining industry (Figure1) \u2013 has recognized challenges in regards to Climate Change[5]<\/a>. Newmont has implemented climate change mitigation transparently by disclosing its carbon emissions since 2008 and by preparing a yearly sustainability report[6]<\/a>. Moreover, Newmont became the first the gold mining company selected for the Dow Jones sustainability index[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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Figure 1: Source – http:\/\/www.mining.com\/the-worlds-top-10-gold-producers\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\"figure1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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What may have prompted Newmont to tackle climate change? Since the early 2000s Newmont has been facing challenges with its environmental damage i.e. perceived water pollution in Indonesia damaged its reputation, concerns over water impact on a community in Peru led to a shutdown of operations and legal implications both in 2004[8]<\/a> and 2011[9]<\/a>. In light of recognition of climate change and environmental protection, a power shift has occurred to communities, media and legal authorities.<\/p>\n

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The Implications of Climate Change on Newmont<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The manifestation of climate or related regulations could have ample effect on Newmont Mining\u2019s business[10]<\/a>. These effects could be categorized into organizational, legal, reputational and financial. It could be argued that financial could also be affected by organizational, legal and reputational impact as well, as the effect that climate change could have on Newmont may be amplified by the inter-relational aspects of these elements[11]<\/a> (Figure2). For example, severe weather conditions such as increase in wildfires, drought and\/or increase in water levels could disrupt operations, production schedules, routes, infrastructure and risk safety for employees[12]<\/a> (Figure3). Any risk safety for employees could damage the firm\u2019s reputation globally and within the community it is installed, lead to litigations and impact Newmont financially.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Figure 2: Categorization of the Impacts of Climate Change on Organizations\u00a0 Figure 3: Climate Change Cycle for Businesses <\/em><\/p>\n

\"figure4\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The Impact of Newmont on Climate Change<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Having identified the implications that climate change could have on Newmont, it is essential to understand how Newmont\u2019s mining business is impacting climate change. The main processes of mining – exploration, construction of the mine, extraction (mining and support operations) and closure of the mine \u2013 contribute largely to Green House Gases emissions through the burning of fossil fuels. Furthermore, due to the decreasing availability of higher-graded gold at surface and the need to dig deeper to find gold, it is estimated that emissions will continue to increase over time[13]<\/a> [14]<\/a>. A worrying example is that in 2015, despite having made an effort to lower utilization of coal energy, Newmont increased its emissions of CO2. Moreover, through water pollution, water consumption, wastage, mercury production, etc., mining affects the environment and ecosystem, which in turn amplifies the effect of climate change (Figure3).<\/p>\n

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Figure 4: Source – http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

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\"figure2\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/a>\"figure3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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Newmont\u2019s Action to mitigate climate change<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Newmont is working towards mitigating climate change (and its associated risks), and working towards a plan to adapt to the consequences of climate change. It has essentially recognized financial and environmental benefits to switching to low-carbon and more efficient sources of energy. It has also undertaken feasibility studies such as how to use solar energy to power its operations at the Tanami mine situated in an arid region in Australia. Thus saving 13% of the mine\u2019s fuel consumption and using renewable clean source of energy[15]<\/a>. Other steps taken are: recycling 59 % of its water[16]<\/a>, taking into consideration the impact of their operations on the ecosystem, managing the disposal of rocks and waste and minimizing mercury and cyanide[17]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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How could Newmont further adapt and mitigate climate change<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Despite the steps taken to tackle climate change, Newmont could be doing more. It has so far only taken a \u2018precautionary approach\u2019[18]<\/a>[19]<\/a>, and it may be argued that businesses should embrace radical changes in response to climate change[20]<\/a>. But how? Newmont\u2019s competitor \u2013 Barrick Gold may have taken more radical steps in fighting climate change, as it\u2019s Carbon Disclosure A- rating is higher than Newmont\u2019s B. However, as an ex-participant of the precious metals industry, the radical changes will only happen once the conversation around climate change becomes an important matter.<\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a> https:\/\/www.icmm.com\/publications\/pdfs\/5173.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2010\/09\/20\/AR2010092004730.html<\/a><\/p>\n

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[3]<\/a> http:\/\/www.responsiblejewellery.com\/files\/RJC_Code_of_Practices_2013_eng.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

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[4]<\/a> http:\/\/hub.icmm.com\/document\/9504<\/a><\/p>\n

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[5]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2013\/_docs\/Carbon%20Mgt%20Policy_BtM%20FINAL.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

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[6]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/about-this-report<\/a><\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> http:\/\/www.climatechangebusiness.com\/Climate_Change_and_the_Mining_Industry<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/528f72f8-4b3f-11e5-b558-8a9722977189<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.circleofblue.org\/2016\/south-america\/conga-mine-peru-halted-water-concerns-civic-opposition\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> https:\/\/www.bsr.org\/reports\/BSR_Climate_Adaptation_Issue_Brief_Mining.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/environmental-stewardship\/energy-and-climate-change<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu\/science\/article\/pii\/S0301420707000359<\/a><\/p>\n

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[14]<\/a> http:\/\/barrickbeyondborders.com\/mining\/2014\/05\/something%E2%80%99s-gotta-give-gold-mining%E2%80%99s-energy-challenge\/?utm_source=16RR&utm_medium=abx&utm_campaign=tile<\/a><\/p>\n

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[15]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/case\/16\/harnessing-the-sun-to-cut-diesel-consumption?cat=env<\/a><\/p>\n

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[16]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/environmental-stewardship\/water<\/a><\/p>\n

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[17]<\/a> http:\/\/www.newmont.com\/sustainability\/environment\/default.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

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[18]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/gri—icmm—ungp-reporting<\/a><\/p>\n

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[19]<\/a> http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/our-approach-to-sustainability<\/a><\/p>\n

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[20]<\/a> http:\/\/ac.els-cdn.com\/S0959652612000984\/1-s2.0-S0959652612000984-main.pdf?_tid=6217e080-a2d1-11e6-bea6-00000aab0f02&acdnat=1478293266_c98155263a8bc69b39e6fb17ab41361b<\/a><\/p>\n

Bibliography:<\/p>\n

Reading:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Brett Walton, \u201cConga mine in Peru halted by water concerns, civic opposition\u201d, Circle of Blue<\/em> (April 21, 2016) http:\/\/www.circleofblue.org\/2016\/south-america\/conga-mine-peru-halted-water-concerns-civic-opposition\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Charles Vorosmarty et al., \u201cGlobal Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth\u201d, Science, 289, 284 <\/em>(2000) http:\/\/water-pire.uci.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/1_Hao_Science-2000-V%C3%B6r%C3%B6smarty-284-8.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Delphi Group on behalf of Mining Association of Canada, \u201cClimate Adaptation in the Canadian Mining Sector\u201d, (July 7, 2014) http:\/\/mining.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/Climate_Adaptation_in_the_Canadian_Mining_Sector_2014.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Erik Klauk, \u201cEnvironmental Impacts at Fort Belknap from Gold Mining\u201d, DLESE Community Services Project \u2013 Carleton, <\/em>http:\/\/serc.carleton.edu\/research_education\/nativelands\/ftbelknap\/environmental.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Henderson, Reinert, Dekhtyar,and Amrammigdal, \u201cClimate Change in 2016: Implications for Business\u201d, 性视界 Business School Case<\/em> (October 14, 2016)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Oliver Balch, \u201cPeruvian farmer wins David-and-Goliath battle against US mining giant\u201d, The Guardian<\/em> (April 21, 2016) https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/sustainable-business\/2016\/apr\/21\/peru-farmer-wins-battle-newmont-mining-corporation<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Douglas Main, \u201cHow Climate Change Could Make Mercury Pollution Worse\u201d, Live Science <\/em>(September 26, 2013) http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/39983-climate-change-worsens-mercury-pollution.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Newmont, \u201cBeyond the Mine: Our 2014 Social and Environmental Performance\u201d, Newmont <\/em>(2014) http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2014\/environmental\/environmental-climate.php<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Newmont, \u201cBeyond the Mine: Our 2015 Social and Environmental Performance\u201d, Newmont <\/em>(2015) http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/our-business<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Newmont, \u201cSustainability & Stakeholder Engagement Policy\u201d, Newmont <\/em>(April 28, 2014)<\/p>\n

http:\/\/s1.q4cdn.com\/259923520\/files\/doc_downloads\/newmont_policies\/Policy_Sustainability-StakeholderEngagement_28Apr2014.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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ICMM, \u201cICMM Statement on Climate Change\u201d, ICMM<\/em>, (October 21, 2015)<\/p>\n

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http:\/\/www.miningfacts.org\/Environment\/What-are-the-water-quality-concerns-at-mines-\/<\/a><\/p>\n

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Orville D. Mussey, \u201cWater Requirements of the Copper Industry\u201d, Geological Survey Water<\/em> (1961)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Newmont, \u201cNewmont Carbon Management Policy\u201d, Newmont <\/em>(2013)<\/p>\n

http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2013\/_docs\/Carbon%20Mgt%20Policy_BtM%20FINAL.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Julian Nelson and Ryan Schuchard, \u201cAdapting to Climate Change: A guide to the mining industry\u201d, BSR<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Nina S. Rastogi, \u201cProduction of gold has many negative environmental effects, Washington Post<\/em> (September 21, 2010) http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2010\/09\/20\/AR2010092004730.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gavin M. Mudd, \u201cGlobal trends in gold mining: towards quantifying environmental and resource sustainability\u201d, Science Direct<\/em>, (March-June 2007) \u2013 Vol.32, Issue 1. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu\/science\/article\/pii\/S0301420707000359<\/a><\/p>\n

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Catherina Pellegrino and Sumit Lodhia, \u201cClimate change accounting and the Australian mining industry: exploring the links between corporate disclosure and the generation of legitimacy\u201d, Journal of Cleaner Production<\/em> (2012): 36, 68-82 http:\/\/ac.els-cdn.com\/S0959652612000984\/1-s2.0-S0959652612000984-main.pdf?_tid=6217e080-a2d1-11e6-bea6-00000aab0f02&acdnat=1478293266_c98155263a8bc69b39e6fb17ab41361b<\/a><\/p>\n

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Websites<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.hbs.edu\/environment\/resources\/climate-change-101\/Pages\/default.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

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http:\/\/www.hbs.edu\/environment\/resources\/climate-change-101\/Pages\/effects-of-climate-change.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

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http:\/\/www.hbs.edu\/environment\/resources\/climate-change-101\/Pages\/Climate%20Change%20and%20Business.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/www.reference.com\/science\/gold-mining-affect-environment-8066596619595c8e#<\/a><\/p>\n

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http:\/\/nodirtygold.earthworksaction.org\/impacts#.WBzwTuErLeQ<\/a><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Environmental_impact_of_mining<\/a><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/mercury<\/a><\/p>\n

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http:\/\/www.newmont.com\/sustainability\/environment\/default.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/gri—icmm—ungp-reporting<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acid_mine_drainage<\/a><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Copper_extraction_techniques<\/a><\/p>\n

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http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/corporate\/mne\/mining.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/case\/16\/harnessing-the-sun-to-cut-diesel-consumption?cat=env<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/environmental-stewardship\/water<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.newmont.com\/sustainability\/environment\/default.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.cdp.net\/en<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/gri—icmm—ungp-reporting<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.bsr.org\/reports\/BSR_Climate_Adaptation_Issue_Brief_Mining.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/environmental-stewardship\/energy-and-climate-change<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu\/science\/article\/pii\/S0301420707000359<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/barrickbeyondborders.com\/mining\/2014\/05\/something%E2%80%99s-gotta-give-gold-mining%E2%80%99s-energy-challenge\/?utm_source=16RR&utm_medium=abx&utm_campaign=tile<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.icmm.com\/publications\/pdfs\/5173.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2010\/09\/20\/AR2010092004730.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.responsiblejewellery.com\/files\/RJC_Code_of_Practices_2013_eng.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/hub.icmm.com\/document\/9504<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1] http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2013\/_docs\/Carbon%20Mgt%20Policy_BtM%20FINAL.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1] http:\/\/sustainabilityreport.newmont.com\/2015\/overview\/about-this-report<\/a><\/p>\n

[1] http:\/\/www.climatechangebusiness.com\/Climate_Change_and_the_Mining_Industry<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1] http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[1] https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/528f72f8-4b3f-11e5-b558-8a9722977189<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.circleofblue.org\/2016\/south-america\/conga-mine-peru-halted-water-concerns-civic-opposition\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.responsiblejewellery.com\/files\/RJC_Code_of_Practices_2013_eng.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The precious metals industry contributes to Climate Change. Nonetheless, Climate Change is also shaping the precious metals industry. In this blog, I examine the consequences that this interrelationship entails through the lens of Newmont Mining, one of the leading precious metals mining companies. (746 words)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1763,"featured_media":14352,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[1218,98,6,5,1996],"class_list":["post-14078","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change","category-environment","category-gold","category-mining","category-precious-metals"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/climate-change-challenge-2016\/","yoast_head":"\nNewmont Mining \u2013 Exploring Gold Mining and Climate Change - Technology and Operations Management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/newmont-mining-exploring-gold-mining-and-climate-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Newmont Mining \u2013 Exploring Gold Mining and Climate Change - Technology and Operations Management\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The precious metals industry contributes to Climate Change. Nonetheless, Climate Change is also shaping the precious metals industry. In this blog, I examine the consequences that this interrelationship entails through the lens of Newmont Mining, one of the leading precious metals mining companies. 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