![\"p_01_01\"](\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/p_01_01-300x247.jpg\")
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0![\"p_01_02\"](\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/p_01_02.jpg\")
<\/p>\nNext time you reach for that box of sushi, imagine the Salmon and Tuna switched with all Yellowtail. Climate change heavily effects fisheries as rising sea levels alter habitats and changes fish distribution all around the world. Nihon Suisan (literal translation: Japan Fisheries Co), as a company based in a country with the second largest seafood consumption globally, takes action to combat global warming through vertical integration, fish farming, and diversifying its fishing risks.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
There are many aspects of climate change that directly impacts fisheries, especially because companies are not completely mobile when catching or distributing fish as it is confined within the fishing proximity of each country. As ocean water acidifies, caused by the rising carbon dioxide levels, calcium carbon shell become difficult to form for organisms such as oysters and lobsters. [1] As ocean temperature rise, certain species also shift out of its traditional habitats, seeking for its ideal water temperature essential for survival. Furthermore, as sea surface temperature rises, reproduction cycle would be effected due to fish only being able to reproduce in a narrow temperature range. In addition, water temperature influences the sex of fish, which could eventually cause a major shift in the dynamic of the fish population. [2]<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Nihon Suisan (\u201cNissui\u201d) gains over 40% of its sales from fisheries, while also expanding on its food manufacturing, fine chemical, and trading businesses. There are many ways in which Nissui address climate change, both in the directly and indirectly, to sustain resources and its business in the long term. In order to lower the company\u2019s CO2 emissions, Nissui has installed an Environmental Committee that overlooks all parts of the business. In 2012, Nissui established a logistics company to store, ship, and trade its fish and processed food products. By minimizing transportation, packaging, and shipment costs, the company has been successful in reducing 168,000 tonnes of CO2 in a year. [3] Furthermore, Nissui has in place the 3R\u2019s (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) and placed a goal to achieve zero emission in all its domestic factories. Three factories have already achieved zero emission in 2012, as employees visually check (\u201cmieru-ka\u201d) whether waste could be eliminated by adjusting packaging size or changing machine parts so no residuals of the processed food has to be thrown away. By allowing employees to voice opinions as they identify wastes, Nissui has led the fishery and food processing industry to eliminate CO2 emissions. [4]<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Nissui began fish farming in 1994 and now ships over 1.2 million Yellowtails at its main farm in the Miyazaki prefecture. The farming of Yellowtail begins with artificial seedling technology, and is raised in calm and pristine waters until it is about 1kg. The fish are then transported into large fish cages submerged underwater to protect them from changing ocean temperatures and natural disasters. By adjusting sea temperature manually through the usage of fish cages and raising Yellowtails in a controlled environment, the company addresses the problem of shifting habitats for fish and maintaining the dynamics of the fish population. Nissui has also begun researching possibilities to implement fish farming to other fish such as Salmon and Tuna, in hopes to maintain the natural habitat of fish and turning to artificial seedling to answer to the rising demand for seafood across the globe.\u00a0[5]<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
In order to further answer to rising demand and address the risk of climate change in fisheries, Nissui has acquired companies abroad to diversify oceans they fish in. By maintaining a presence in all the oceans of the world through its \u201cTrue Global Link\u201d program, Nissui\u2019s short term solution to the changing ocean climate will help make way for a steady supply of fish to its largest customer base, the Japanese households. [6] Although there is currently no regulation put in place for fishing that is directly related to the changing climate, this preemptive measure will also help diversify the source of fish when change in regulation does occur.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Nissui has already taken many measures to address the long term and short term effects of climate change, both in a small factory level to a large portion of their fisheries business. The company has started to implement vertical integration in its supply chain by controlling all aspects of fishing farming, processing, packaging and shipping. I would suggest Nissui to expand on its fish farming business despite the risk it carries, and to implement vertical integration to its overseas subsidiaries as well. Because the company has a large influence on large fisheries globally, if installed successfully, fisheries could be sustainable in changing sea climates, as well as reduce CO2 emission significantly. This way, we can hopefully keep eating that box of sushi.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
(775 words)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
[1] \u201cOcean Acidification.\u201d Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Web.<\/p>\n
http:\/\/ocean.si.edu\/ocean-acidification<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [2] \u201cClimate Change Impacts On Fish.\u201d Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Web<\/p>\n http:\/\/www.gbrmpa.gov.au\/managing-the-reef\/threats-to-the-reef\/climate-change\/what-does-this-mean-for-species\/fish<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [3] \u201cEnvironmental Report 2014.\u201d Nihon Suisan, Company Report. Web. (Translated)<\/p>\n http:\/\/www.nissui.co.jp\/social\/environment\/pdf\/2014_env.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [4] \u201cEnvironmental Report 2014.\u201d Nihon Suisan, Company Report. Web. (Translated)<\/p>\n http:\/\/www.nissui.co.jp\/social\/environment\/pdf\/2014_env.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [5] \u201cYellowtail Aquaculture Business Using Artificial Seedlings.\u201d Nihon Suisan, Corporate Information. Web.<\/p>\n