{"id":11512,"date":"2016-11-04T13:18:53","date_gmt":"2016-11-04T17:18:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/reducing-pollution-in-industries-that-thrived-the-economic-growth-of-a-country-focusing-on-hyundai-motors-and-korea\/"},"modified":"2016-11-04T13:18:53","modified_gmt":"2016-11-04T17:18:53","slug":"reducing-pollution-in-industries-that-thrived-the-economic-growth-of-a-country-focusing-on-hyundai-motors-and-korea","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/reducing-pollution-in-industries-that-thrived-the-economic-growth-of-a-country-focusing-on-hyundai-motors-and-korea\/","title":{"rendered":"Reducing pollution in industries that thrived the economic growth of a country \u2013 focusing on Hyundai Motors and Korea"},"content":{"rendered":"

Economic Background<\/u><\/p>\n

Korea is one of the few countries that experienced exponential economic growth from rapid industrialization \u2013 its nominal GDP per capita grew from $104 in 1962 to $5,440 in 1989, and reaching the $20,000 milestone in 2006[1]<\/a>. Industrialization was particularly well-suited at the time and promoted economic growth through labor-intensive manufactured exports \u2013 primarily car manufacturing. The car manufacturing industry played a critical role in leading the growth as it exceeded 10% of national economy in the areas of employment, production and export by 1990s[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hyundai Motors (\u201cHM\u201d), one of the largest car manufacturers in Korea, has continuously been in the spotlight in the past and also in current paradigm \u2013 for leading the economic prosperity during the late 20th <\/sup>century, and for attributing to environmental damage created by greenhouse gases during early 21st<\/sup> century. In order to mitigate the common phenomena, HM began two main initiatives \u2013 1) switch to alternative fuels with lower greenhouse gas potentials, and 2) improve fuel economy in cars.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Mitigations proposed by HM_<\/u><\/p>\n

Firstly, HM introduced Korea\u2019s first non-polluting electrical car in 2012, and the world\u2019s first fuel cell vehicle in 2013. The electrical car could travel 140 kilometers with 30 minutes of charging. The fuel cell cars could travel 594 kilometers with 3 minutes of charging. Also, fuel cell cars emit zero greenhouse gases while gasoline cars emit 130 grams of greenhouse gases per 1 kilometers[3]<\/a>. Although majority of cars in Korea are still on gasoline, more hybrid cars are being distributed to the public due the continuous efforts from HM.<\/p>\n

Secondly, HM also extended its efforts to improve the fuel economy in cars by leveraging different materials for chassis to create lightweight vehicles. Lightweight cars not only improve the fuel efficiency but also reduce exhaust gas as it reduces the running resistance and inertia of cars. HM applied alternative materials such as new steel material, aluminum, and magnesium composite material3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Additionally, HM introduces a new environmental management system to reinforce their efforts of preventing environmental damage \u2013 such as implementing systematic management of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To be more specific, greenhouse gas management system responds to climate changes and control the discharge of pollutants whilst monitoring global environmental regulations and codes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Additional Areas of Improvement<\/u><\/p>\n

However, one of the areas that HM has yet to initiate is actually reducing the number of cars and their travel time[4]<\/a>. This is an intriguing issue in which HM need to work in tandem with policy makers to dissect the root cause of the problem and provide feasible solutions for implementation – this is the most difficult area for HM since it directly conflicts it business objective of selling as many cars as possible.<\/p>\n

In order to take the first step in providing potential solution, we could introduce a mark-up tax above the retail price of the gasoline cars so that actual consumers would be liable for the environmental damage caused by owning a gasoline car. In the same context, the government should provide subsidies for fuel cell cars, so that the general public have more incentive to purchase environmentally friendly cars as opposed to dominant gasoline cars.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Also, HM has yet to set up an environment fund to promote awareness for the environment and support other environmental initiatives through financial capital and strategic alliances.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The combined efforts of \u2018fair\u2019 tax and environment fund would fuel not only allocate potential costs to relevant parties, but also raise awareness within the general population to be more aware of environmental issues in general.<\/p>\n

(618 words)<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> ‘Economy of South Korea’,<\/em> Wikipedia<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0‘Korea Automobile Industry’<\/em>, Annual Report 2014, Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Hyundai Motor Group Homepage (http:\/\/www.hyundaimotorgroup.com\/)<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0‘Motor Vehicles and the Environment’<\/em>, RFF Report, April 2003<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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