  {"id":10902,"date":"2016-11-04T08:02:45","date_gmt":"2016-11-04T12:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/changing-the-world-one-building-at-a-time\/"},"modified":"2016-11-04T08:02:45","modified_gmt":"2016-11-04T12:02:45","slug":"changing-the-world-one-building-at-a-time","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/submission\/changing-the-world-one-building-at-a-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Changing the World One Building at a Time"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>TOM Climate Change Challenge<\/p>\n<p>Changing the World One Building at a Time<\/p>\n<p>Canary Wharf is London\u2019s second financial district and has been under construction for over 28 years<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[i]<\/a>. Its developer \u2013 Canary Wharf Group (CWG) \u2013 has built 34 of the tallest and best buildings in the city<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\">[ii]<\/a>. They have expansion plans to double the size of the estate in the next 30 years<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[iii]<\/a> \u2013 so the pressure of designing and constructing \u201cclimate change \u2013 proof\u201d buildings is higher than ever.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What\u2019s the big deal?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are several facets of the real estate development industry that are affected by climate change:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Construction process disruptions<\/em> stemming from unpredictable weather are very probable. We\u2019re talking about disruption of works, services supply and crane operations or higher proportion of construction work that needs to be redone because of weather damage<a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\">[iv]<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><em>Construction materials<\/em> costs have been increasing by 4.85%<a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[v]<\/a> in the UK. For skyscrapers, most of these costs relate to high energy materials such as aluminium, concrete, steel, which are subject to volatility in energy markets (due to fossil fuel constraints and costs)<a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\">[vi]<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/construction-costs.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-10897\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/construction-costs-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"construction-costs\" width=\"376\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/construction-costs-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/construction-costs.jpg 476w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Source: \u201cTurner Projects Continued Growth in Construction Costs\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.turnerconstruction.com\/cost-index\">http:\/\/www.turnerconstruction.com\/cost-index<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><em>Maintenance, insurance and operation costs<\/em> are also likely to increase substantially.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Most skyscrapers are only ventilated mechanically<a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\">[vii]<\/a>, so weather patterns changes will increase the requirements for heating and cooling which, in turn, will increase energy consumption and CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, the infrastructure (plants, supplies of electricity and other services) of such buildings are usually located in very deep basements or on the roof. Rising water levels and extreme weather can easily damage these pieces of equipment and the buildings, which in turn causes insurance and maintenance cost increases and disruptions to tenants\/residents.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>What to do about this?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As clients (corporations and individuals) have become more aware of the benefits of renting \/ acquiring sustainable properties, CWG started tracking sustainability metrics on its completed buildings and incorporating sustainable design considerations into the early stages of their projects. Construction operations sustainability also became a focus<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[viii]<\/a>. In recent years, local authorities around the world have taken things one step further and are now requiring developers to use a sustainability assessment and certification method called BREEAM to obtain occupancy authorisations for their buildings.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10890 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"breeam-weightings\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/11\/BREEAM-Weightings.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Source: \u201cBREEAM Weightings\u201d, Paul McAlister Architects, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pmcarchitects.com\/blog\/breeam\/\">http:\/\/www.pmcarchitects.com\/blog\/breeam\/<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p>BREEAM provides guidelines for all stages of a project from design to occupation. Initially, the architects and engineers involved in the project take the BREEAM principles into consideration when putting together the design of the building (elements such as waste provision, types of fa\u00e7ade, plant systems etc.).<a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\">[ix]<\/a> This design informs any material purchase decisions and therefore enables the developer and construction manager to generate the most sustainable procurement and construction plans.<\/p>\n<p>For CWG, the journey of designing and constructing a building can be as long as six years. A building\u2019s lifetime is, on average, 50 years<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[x]<\/a>. This is partly why implementing BREEAM is no longer just a matter of having the most sustainable supply chain and materials (albeit it does a great job at addressing the issues outlined in item 2 above), but also looking at water and energy consumption of the buildings and transport requirements of occupants (see the BREEAM weightings chart above).<\/p>\n<p>In my opinion, developers could and should do a lot more to make buildings more energy and water efficient. Even though Nest and other sensor based \u201csmart home\u201d technologies have been around for over a decade, new residential buildings are still designed and constructed without them. If you think office buildings don\u2019t have a problem on this front, have a look at the picture in the banner. How many lights are still on? How much energy do you reckon we could we save by having movement sensors?<\/p>\n<p>Given the residential<a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[xi]<\/a> (35,000 new homes) and office<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[xii]<\/a> (approximately 16 million square feet of space) buildings construction pipeline in London, CWG can set the bar very high with their sustainability practices.<\/p>\n<p>(798 words)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>References:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> Julia Kollewe, \u201cCanary Wharf timeline: from the Thatcher years to Qatari control\u201d, <em>The Guardian,<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2015\/jan\/28\/canary-wharf-timeline-london-building-docklands-thatcher\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2015\/jan\/28\/canary-wharf-timeline-london-building-docklands-thatcher<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> Kate Allen and Arash Massoudi, \u201cHow Qatar snared the Canary\u201d, <em>Financial Times, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/cea44a32-a886-11e4-bd17-00144feab7de\">https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/cea44a32-a886-11e4-bd17-00144feab7de<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> Julia Kollewe, Canary Wharf spreads east with new towers and 3,000 homes planned\u201d, <em>The Guardian, <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2014\/jul\/22\/canary-wharf-spreads-east-new-towers-wood-wharf-new-homes\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2014\/jul\/22\/canary-wharf-spreads-east-new-towers-wood-wharf-new-homes<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[iv]<\/a> \u201cDisruption Claims in Construction Contracts\u201d, <em>Ivory Research<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivoryresearch.com\/samples\/construction-essay-example-disruption-claims-in-construction-contracts\/\">http:\/\/www.ivoryresearch.com\/samples\/construction-essay-example-disruption-claims-in-construction-contracts\/<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[v]<\/a> \u201cTurner Projects Continued Growth in Construction Costs\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.turnerconstruction.com\/cost-index\">http:\/\/www.turnerconstruction.com\/cost-index<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[vi]<\/a> Dave Grossman, \u201cGeo 5 for Business\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf\">http:\/\/web.unep.org\/geo\/sites\/unep.org.geo\/files\/documents\/geo5_for_business.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[vii]<\/a> Paul Cook, \u201cHow Temperature is Controlled Within a Supertall Skyscraper\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.industrytap.com\/temperature-controlled-within-super-tall-skyscraper\/33152\">http:\/\/www.industrytap.com\/temperature-controlled-within-super-tall-skyscraper\/33152<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[viii]<\/a> \u201cCanary Wharf Sustainability Report 2015\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/group.canarywharf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/07\/canary-wharf-corporate-responsibility-policy-june-2016.pdf\">http:\/\/group.canarywharf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/07\/canary-wharf-corporate-responsibility-policy-june-2016.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[ix]<\/a> \u201cRIBA Plan of Work 2013\u201d, Royal Institute of British Architects, 2013, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.architecture.com\/files\/ribaprofessionalservices\/practice\/ribaplanofwork2013overview.pdf\">https:\/\/www.architecture.com\/files\/ribaprofessionalservices\/practice\/ribaplanofwork2013overview.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[x]<\/a> \u201cThe Lifespan of Structures\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.concreteconstruction.net\/business\/management\/the-life-span-of-structures_o\">http:\/\/www.concreteconstruction.net\/business\/management\/the-life-span-of-structures_o<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[xi]<\/a> \u201cLondon Prime Residential Pipeline\u201d, Arcadis, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arcadis.com\/media\/E\/5\/3\/%7BE539C943-AD51-4F07-B74A-B4D47F59BB8A%7DLondon%20Prime%20Residential%20Pipeline%202016.pdf\">https:\/\/www.arcadis.com\/media\/E\/5\/3\/%7BE539C943-AD51-4F07-B74A-B4D47F59BB8A%7DLondon%20Prime%20Residential%20Pipeline%202016.pdf<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[xii]<\/a> \u201cThe London Office Crane Survey Summer 2016\u201d, Deloitte, <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/uk\/en\/pages\/real-estate\/articles\/crane-survey.html\">https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/uk\/en\/pages\/real-estate\/articles\/crane-survey.html<\/a>, accessed November 2016.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How can a real estate developer change an industry threatened by unpredictable weather, volatile fuel prices, warmer temperatures?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2169,"featured_media":10903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[1478,1616,1698,428,1636,1700,1699,163],"class_list":["post-10902","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-building-products","category-buildings","category-canary-wharf","category-construction","category-construction-materials","category-high-energy","category-london","category-operations"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-rctom\/assignment\/climate-change-challenge-2016\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Changing the World One Building at a Time - Technology and Operations Management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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