  {"id":9319,"date":"2019-03-05T19:25:19","date_gmt":"2019-03-06T00:25:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digital.hbs.edu\/platform-digit\/submission\/dominos-pizza-delivering-innovation-and-profit\/"},"modified":"2019-03-05T19:26:21","modified_gmt":"2019-03-06T00:26:21","slug":"dominos-pizza-delivering-innovation-and-profit","status":"publish","type":"hck-submission","link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/submission\/dominos-pizza-delivering-innovation-and-profit\/","title":{"rendered":"Domino\u2019s Pizza: Delivering Innovation and Profit"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Pizza.<\/em>\u00a0It\u2019s not the first thing that comes to mind when thinking of digital innovation or technology. Yet, when considering the winners and losers of the economy\u2019s digital transformation, there can be no denying that pizza has a place at the table. More specifically, Domino\u2019s Pizza. From 2010 to March 2017, Domino\u2019s share price outperformed those of vaunted tech giants like Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> Similarly, since March 2014, Domino\u2019s (+214%) has considerably outperformed its industry peers, including Pizza Hut\u2019s parent company Yum! Brands (+79%), McDonalds (+90%), Restaurant Brands International (+76%), and Papa John\u2019s (-15%).<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> While the entirety of this outperformance cannot solely be attributed to digital innovation, Domino\u2019s commitment to technology is a clear differentiator from its industry peers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9299\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9299\" style=\"width: 501px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9299\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"501\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech.png 905w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/dominos-vs-big-tech-600x343.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: https:\/\/www.theatlas.com\/charts\/S18QCJyhe, accessed via Quartz, March 4, 2019.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>After the company\u2019s stock price bottomed out in 2008, Domino\u2019s boldly pursued a multi-pronged strategy to initiate a turnaround.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> In an effort to rehabilitate their brand, Domino\u2019s announced a new menu and pizza recipe.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> \u00a0Simultaneously, Domino\u2019s began to invest in digital capabilities that would enable it to deliver their product in innovative ways. However, in order to execute on these digital innovations, Domino\u2019s first built out a more robust internal IT function, capable of internally developing these new digital innovations.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> <a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> As of 2016, approximately half of Domino\u2019s 800 headquarter employees worked in software and analytics.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Perhaps most importantly, executive support for the company\u2019s digital transformation ensured that the newly-empowered IT department and their marketing counterparts were able to collaborate in a quick, iterative processes.<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>With this digital foundation in place, Domino\u2019s emerged as a digital pioneer in the quick serve restaurant (QSR) industry. In 2008, Domino\u2019s \u201cPizza Tracker\u201d technology was launched, allowing customers to track the progress of their online orders via the Domino\u2019s website.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> Subsequently, in 2011, Domino\u2019s launched its highly-rated iPhone application, further simplifying the consumer\u2019s path to purchase. These innovations, when coupled with menu and ingredient changes, quickly took hold: approximately 25% of the company\u2019s domestic sales were ordered online or through a handheld device in 2011.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> As of 2017, this figure had reached 60%.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> This early push into digital has not yet subsided. More recently, Domino\u2019s became the first company to deliver pizza by drone, in addition to testing deliveries with autonomous vehicles.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> <a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> While some of these initiatives could potentially be considered to be \u201cgimmicky\u201d endeavors in innovation, Domino\u2019s commitment to digital has undoubtedly increased value to consumers by simplifying the barriers to ordering and delivering their pizza.<\/p>\n<p>While these initiatives demonstrate a desire to digitally transform their business, Domino\u2019s efforts prove particularly effective because they closely align with the company\u2019s business model. Most notably, as a franchisor, Domino\u2019s provides centralized services such as supply chain management and IT systems to their franchisees. Innovations like the Pizza Tracker allowed franchisees to simplify their operations (e.g., less employee emphasis on taking orders), monitor their delivery performance, and make incremental improvements. Similarly, Domino\u2019s proprietary <em>Pulse <\/em>point-of-sale computer system facilitated franchisee\u2019s efforts to take customer order and manage inventory.<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a> Lastly, to further simplify the operations of franchisee stores, Domino\u2019s announced the introduction of an artificial intelligence-enabled \u201cvirtual ordering assistant\u201d to take telephone orders in stores.<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> Together, these digital innovations both help franchisees operate their franchises more effectively and increase the Domino\u2019s corporate leverage over their franchisees, thereby justifying the royalties that they command.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Digital loser (for now\u2026)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On the contrary, Pizza Hut is a direct competitor that has struggled to adapt to the digital environment in which Domino\u2019s has excelled. Despite Yum! Brand\u2019s strong stock performance, Pizza Hut remains a laggard in the company\u2019s portfolio. Since 1995, Pizza Hut has seen a gradual decline in market share: from 25% to 14.5% in 2015.<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> As seen below, Pizza Hut\u2019s revenue growth has been rapidly outpaced by Domino\u2019s digitally-enabled strategy. The dismal performance stems, broadly, from the company\u2019s self-assessed inability \u201cto gain traction with our commitment to hot, fast, and reliable experiences.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> \u00a0In the context of Domino\u2019s success, these failings can largely be attributed to a poor customer experience (driven by lack of digital investment) and a business model that was not optimized for the continued rise of delivery orders. Regarding the company\u2019s digital shortcomings, current Pizza Hut president remarked, \u201cit wasn\u2019t so long ago that people were talking about Pizza Hut and digital being a weakness.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> In a similar vein, the company\u2019s business model was heavily geared towards dine-in customers. According to the company\u2019s Analyst Day presentation, these \u201ctypical dine-in\u201d assets were a \u201cdrag on brand perception and ability to execute.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a> These two strategic decisions ultimately hampered Pizza Hut\u2019s ability to deliver on their customer value proposition and, consequently, their performance suffered.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9302\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9302\" style=\"width: 506px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/revenue-growth.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9302\" src=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/revenue-growth.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"506\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/revenue-growth.png 752w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/revenue-growth-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/revenue-growth-600x361.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9302\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: SEC Filings, calculations.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, Pizza Hut has all but declared that they will be quickly following in Domino\u2019s footsteps. In 2017, the CEO of Yum! Brands announced a $130M turnaround plan to invest in \u201cassets and technology,\u201d in order to \u201cmake this a more relevant brand.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a> Since then, Pizza Hut has announced an investment in and a partnership with GrubHub, signed an international pizza delivery deal with Telepizza, and acquired online ordering software QuikOrder.<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a> <a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a> In addressing their typical dine-in assets, the company has now opened over 70 \u201cDelco\u201d units, which are designed for the specific purpose of delivery.<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a> These initiatives reflect a company that is driven to join Domino\u2019s as a winner in the new digitally-enabled QSR industry.<\/p>\n<p>Whether these initiatives will be successful will likely be contingent upon two factors. First, it remains to be seen whether Pizza Hut will pursue a full-scale digital transformation as Domino\u2019s did. In a 2018 interview, Pizza Hut\u2019s Global Chief Customer Officer stated that a \u201cwholesale overhaul\u201d of Pizza Hut\u2019s legacy systems was infeasible and, accordingly, new intelligent delivery algorithms would have to overlay over their old systems.<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a> A patchwork attempt to create a digital transformation may not drive the operating leverage that Domino\u2019s has achieved in recent years. Secondly, Pizza Hut must continue to evolve its business model to be more in line with the evolution that its digital assets aspire to deliver. Namely, they must continue to expand their Delco unit base, while selling off unproductive dine-in assets. Without a full-scale commitment to these initiatives it is possible that Domino\u2019s will outcompete Pizza Hut in its superior execution of delivery pizza, while Pizza Hut tries to service both the dine-in and delivery markets.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As demonstrated in the cases of Domino\u2019s and Pizza Hut, the success of a digital transformation is contingent upon both a dedicated investment to build digital capabilities and a close alignment with the company\u2019s business model. As reflected in its immense success, Domino\u2019s Pizza satisfies both conditions. However, with this triumph in the rearview, it remains to be seen whether this digitally-propelled success will be sustainable. Pizza Hut has articulated what can be seen as a copy-cat strategy, and new substitute products \u2013 enabled by third-party delivery services like UberEats \u2013 can offer wider variety and outsource their delivery processes. At the very least, regardless of who wins this battle in the long-term, we \u2013 as consumers \u2013 can rest easy, knowing that our appetites will not go unsatisfied.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> https:\/\/qz.com\/938620\/dominos-dpz-stock-has-outperformed-google-goog-facebook-fb-apple-aapl-and-amazon-amzn-this-decade\/<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.tradingview.com\/chart\/?symbol=NYSE%3ADPZ<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kylewong\/2018\/01\/26\/how-dominos-transformed-into-an-ecommerce-powerhouse-whose-product-is-pizza\/#55b5da6a7f76<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> http:\/\/pizzaturnaround.com\/2009\/12\/introducing-our-inspired-new-pizza\/index.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cmo.com\/features\/articles\/2018\/4\/9\/dominos-cdo-right-internal-structure-to-be-digital-innovator.html#gs.AzJ2aPEO<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> https:\/\/hbr.org\/2015\/11\/dont-let-big-data-bury-your-brand<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> https:\/\/hbr.org\/2016\/11\/how-dominos-pizza-reinvented-itself<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> https:\/\/hbr.org\/2015\/11\/dont-let-big-data-bury-your-brand<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> https:\/\/www.pizzamarketplace.com\/news\/dominos-intros-pizza-tracking-system\/<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> https:\/\/www.pizzamarketplace.com\/news\/dominos-launches-iphone-ordering-app\/.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/business\/la-fi-agenda-dominos-20170515-story.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2016\/11\/16\/dominos-has-delivered-the-worlds-first-ever-pizza-by-drone-to-a-new-zealand-couple.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2018\/02\/27\/ford-teams-with-dominos-to-test-deliveries-by-autonomous-vehicles.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> HBS Case, &#8220;Domino\u2019s Pizza,&#8221; Case Number 9-512-004<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> https:\/\/www.qsrmagazine.com\/ordering\/dominos-begins-testing-artificial-intelligence-phone-orders<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2017\/02\/09\/yum-brands-posts-weak-sales-as-pizza-hut-continues-to-struggle.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> https:\/\/www.qsrmagazine.com\/pizza\/checking-pizza-huts-130m-comeback-plan<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4227124-yum-brands-inc-yum-ceo-greg-creed-hosts-2018-investor-analyst-day-conference-transcript?part=single<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> http:\/\/investors.yum.com\/Interactive\/newlookandfeel\/4025819\/pdf\/Final_Combined_Presentation_2018.pdf<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2017\/02\/09\/yum-brands-posts-weak-sales-as-pizza-hut-continues-to-struggle.html<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> https:\/\/www.qsrmagazine.com\/pizza\/checking-pizza-huts-130m-comeback-plan<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> https:\/\/www.qsrmagazine.com\/news\/pizza-hut-signs-landmark-international-deal-telepizza-group<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> https:\/\/www.qsrmagazine.com\/pizza\/pizza-hut-makes-one-its-biggest-acquisitions-ever<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4227124-yum-brands-inc-yum-ceo-greg-creed-hosts-2018-investor-analyst-day-conference-transcript?part=single<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> https:\/\/aibusiness.com\/pizza-hut-digital-ai-overhaul\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pizza.\u00a0It\u2019s not the first thing that comes to mind when thinking of digital innovation or technology. Yet, when considering the winners and losers of the economy\u2019s digital transformation, there can be no denying that pizza has a place at the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10378,"featured_media":9320,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[],"class_list":["post-9319","hck-submission","type-hck-submission","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","hck-taxonomy-organization-dominos-pizza"],"connected_submission_link":"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/assignment\/dig-it-blog-post-assignment-ii-digital-winners-and-losers\/","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Domino\u2019s Pizza: Delivering Innovation and Profit - Digital Innovation and Transformation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/d3.harvard.edu\/platform-digit\/submission\/dominos-pizza-delivering-innovation-and-profit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Domino\u2019s Pizza: Delivering Innovation and Profit - Digital Innovation and Transformation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pizza.\u00a0It\u2019s not the first thing that comes to mind when thinking of digital innovation or technology. 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